Better Breadcrumbs
By Daniel Wood, 4 October 2018
Introduction
Breadcrumb menus are great. They tell the user a lot about where they are within a solutions hierarchy. They also provide a really quick and easy way to navigate up/down that hierarchy if needed. In the FileMaker world, people have been making breadcrumb menus in various forms for a while, the most common implementation is that of a repeating fields, button bars, or in the case of vertical menus, a portal.
And while all of these methods are workable, they tend to have limitations when it comes to 2 aspects - the visual quality of the menu, and the ability to customise and extend the menu. So what do we mean by these? We’ll start off by giving an example of a breadcrumb menu built using a button bar, discuss some of its limitations, and then present our alternative implementation using a tab control object.
Example file time!
Rather than wait til the end to check out the demo, we strongly recommend you download and explore the example file as you read. This will help you follow along with the content of the article and help you to understand what we are talking about.
A typical breadcrumb menu
Here is an example of a standard breadcrumb menu. This is a location based menu, as the items in the menu are locations within the solution the user can navigate to.
The user currently resides at the right-most location in the menu, and as you scan to the left you can work your way back up the navigation hierarchy all the way to home screen. These navigation elements are clickable, so the user is free to traverse back up the hierarchy to any point they wish.
Building this in FileMaker
Many peoples first instinct would be to use a button bar to design and build a breadcrumb menu. It has a number of properties that suit a breadcrumb menu:
- Multiple segments, each could be a step in the hierarchy
- Clickable, as each segment is essentially a button
- You can calculate the text to appear in each segment.
But here’s the problem. Button bars are of a fixed width, and the segments within the button bar are all proportional in width to the overall width of the bar itself. So if you have a 100pt wide button bar, with 10 segments, then each segment will be 10 pts wide. If you extend the width of the bar to 200pts, then each segment grows to 20pts in width. You have no control over the width of each individual segment.
So what does this mean for us in real terms?
Here is a crack at building a breadcrumb menu with a button bar. The issue we have is that each segment has a variable amount of text, yet we can only have a single width per segment. Add to this the fact that typical breadcrumb menus have a divider between each element, and you end up with a pretty average looking menu.
This is what it looks like in layout mode, to further illustrate whats going on.
Now, we have seen people come up with attempts to work around this fixed width segment issue. Some involve creating button bar segments based on calculations, where the text inside each segment is padded with spaces to make it a certain width, while others involve starting off with hundreds of small segments, and programmatically removing certain segments and padding others. The simple fact is these are all complex and a real pain to work with, and you still do not achieve a really beautiful result.
What about a tab control?
What’s that, I hear you ask? A tab control? Surely a tab is the last object you’d think of to build a breadcrumb menu right? Well maybe, but the fact is tab controls are the perfect layout object for building them (short of an actual breadcrumb menu layout object!).
The reason why tab controls are so great for this, is the simple fact that the width of each tab control name is variable in width. This means it doesn’t matter how much or how little text goes into each tab name, they won’t all end up the same width.
This is a tab control, designed to look like a breadcrumb menu. Looks pretty nice doesn’t it. Notice how all of the spacing between the dividers and the items are all consistent. So how is this done?
Here is the same tab control object highlighted in layout mode. The height of the overall object has been reduced such that there is actually no content space, it’s just the height of the tab names themselves. We aren’t going to be using this object for placing other objects in, we are only concerned with the names.
Let’s look at the tab control setup next.
Interesting! What we can see here is that the odd positions in the tab control are given the names of the items in the menu. Whilst the even positions are used for dividers. This is a key concept in our technique for building the menu - odd spaces are for items, even spaces are for separators.
The above setup is kind of useless in an actual solution because it is so hard-coded. Ideally you want the menu to be dynamic, and have elements add/remove as you traverse up/down the navigation hierarchy of your solution, but at this point we’re simply showing you the building blocks for how we structure the object.
We use the “Label width + Margin of” option for tab width, this allows tabs to grow as more text is added, whilst maintaining an even spacing between items and dividers. We are using an ascii character of a right arrow for the divider.
Formatting items
You’ll note that the first three items in the menu are underlined. This is to give visual indication to the user that these are clickable. The right-most element is not underlined, suggesting that is the screen they are current on, and there is no need for them to click that link.
Visual design is achieved through conditional formatting of each individual tab control. In this very basic example, the condition for the first 3 items is simply “true” and we format them to underlined. Again in reality we want to be a bit more dynamic in our conditional formatting, which we’ll cover later.
For a navigation breadcrumb, you may actually wish to simply go with a hard-coded menu such as the one above, and just adjust its display for each layout it appears on, and indeed this may be the easiest implementation. Other implementations may require a more soft-coded dynamic approach.
A simple example
In the example file we start off with a simple wizard example. Here we use a breadcrumb menu to indicate position in a step by step wizard.
This wizard has 5 steps, and the user will work their way through the wizard, and continue to the next section by clicking a button. The menu itself is not clickable, it exists purely as a visual aid to inform the user of their progress in the wizard.
We use the tab control for display of the menu, and we are using a slide-control beneath it for the wizard itself. So, the slide control has 5 panels and each panel is named Wizard_1 through Wizard_5.
The tab control setup is as follows:
Pretty simple stuff. Again odd positions for items, even positions are separators. Because the size of this wizard is known, we only need to add however many tabs are required for each step.
Navigation through the wizard is done by running a script. The script takes as a parameter a direction, be it forward or back. Depending on which direction, it updates the value of a global variable $$WIZARD_POSITION. We use this global variable to help us know which step of the wizard we are on. The script then simply navigates to the next or previous slide panel.
The breadcrumb menu now has to update visually to reflect the users position also. We know the position of the user based on the number in the global variable which will be between 1 and 5. The visual updating is done via conditional formatting, so let's take a look at that:
This is really easy. What we are looking at is the conditional formatting rule for the second position “Your Details”. We’re saying that if the user is at this position, or has gone past this position already, that it should be coloured.
Here the user is on step 4 “Interests”, and so the conditional formatting of items 1 through 4 are evaluated to true, and are coloured bold and green.
For the dividers, they are irrelevant in our example, so we can either always evaluate their conditional formatting to true (and assign them some property, in this case grey colour), or you can leave them without conditional formatting, in which case they will inherit the default formatting of the tab control object.
In this example, you’ll note that the text is black, and the dividers are grey, so we have a difference in formatting of the 2 types of tabs. In the interests of simplicity, we make the default tab text colour black, and we have applied conditional formatting to all dividers, to change them to grey.
Adding action to navigation items
More often than not, you want the user to be allowed to click an item in the navigation menu and run a script accordingly. We can achieve this in tab controls by using the OnPanelSwitch object trigger.
Here is the same wizard, although this time all sections can be navigated to at any point in time.
We start by altering the formatting so that all objects are underlined to begin with, indicating that they can be clicked. The other conditional formatting properties are the same as in the previous example, if the user is on a position, or that position is to the left of where the user currently is, we make it bold and green.
If we apply an OnPanelSwitch trigger to the tab control object, then our script will run regardless of which tab is chosen. An important piece of information we will use in the script is the position of the tab the user has clicked. This can be found by evaluating the first value in the function Get ( TriggerTargetPanel ).
There are 2 possible situations here. Firstly, the user may have clicked a divider. Our script will still run in this instance, so we must handle this situation. Recall all even positions are dividers, so we can check whether the clicked position is even. If it is then we return a FALSE result from the script, and the divider tab is not navigated to.
The only other scenario is the user has clicked on an actual item that they can navigate to. This will be an odd number. We must translate this number into the actual wizard position. We need to do this because of the dividers, they offset the clicked item.
To illustrate this consider clicking on “Immediate Family”. You know that this is the third position in the wizard, but it is actually the 5th position in the tab control. So we need to write a translation between the position chosen and the wizard position. It’s pretty straightforward and simply Ceiling ( $PositionClicked / 2 ). In our example, this would be 5/2 = 2.5, and taking the ceiling of this gives us a wizard position of 3.
Now that we know the wizard position, it’s just a case of setting our location to that value, and going to that sliding panel object, all done !
You can indeed write your own script to cater for any positional click in your menu, regardless of what you are using your menu for.
Abstracting item names into a table
Often times your wizard or menu items will exist in a table as records because you need to customise them, or build different menus for different purposes. In this example we’re going to show that you can still use the breadcrumb menu in this fashion.
Here is a table of records, each for a different section in the breadcrumb menu, and below is the breadcrumb menu. The 2 important bits of information in the table are the name of the item, and its position in the menu.
The beauty of using a tab control really stands out when using an abstracted menu like this. The menu will simply expand to accommodate variable lengths of text. In order for things to work smoothly there are just two things you need to be aware of:
- Make the initial width of the tab object wide enough to cater for a worst case scenario length of menu.
- Add enough tab control objects so that you are sure you have enough menu positions to cater for all the items that may end up in the menu.
Here is the tab control setup of this abstracted menu. Wow things are really getting interesting now! What you see there is a custom function which we have named @BREADCRUMB. It takes 2 parameters. The first is a keyword identifying which records in our wizard setup table to retrieve, and the second is the order number to retrieve. The 5 items in our table are all of type “Abstracted”, and are all numbered 1 through 5.
Here’s the custom function. It’s a simple executeSQL query where we retrieve names of items based on their type and order number, again nothing magical here just standard FileMaker.
The rest of the implementation is no different to our other examples. Conditional formatting for the items, and a script trigger for navigation.
Abstracting the formatting as well as the names
In this last example we show how you can tailor the formatting of individual items in the menu as well as their names. Now you could achieve this with conditional formatting again, but if you want a specific item to have a specific formatting you may wish to abstract this into a table of records to be based on actual items, rather than position in the menu.
This is a very similar example to the one above, with a slight exception that we have an additional field in our table containing an RGB function for the colour we want our item to be.
Here is the tab control setup for this example:
We have added in 9 different tabs here. In fact we add more than required in case more are needed. Because the items are abstracted to a menu, but adding more tabs, we ensure we don’t have to come back and potentially add more in future.
The other interesting thing to notice here is that we no longer are adding dividers into the even positions. It’s all just calls to a custom function called @BREADCRUMB_Formatted. This function is identical in behaviour to the earlier one, but this function does a couple more things
- If the order number passed through is even, it returns the divider character
- If the order number passed through is odd, it obtains the name of that item from corresponding record.
- It also obtains the formatting properties from the record, and applies them to the name, using the Evaluate function.
- It also determines using the wizard position $$WIZARD_POSITION whether to format the item, or whether to not format
So in this case, we are not using conditional formatting to determine whether to format an item or not, it is entirely done within the custom function. The formatting properties we use comes from the record itself.
The end result of this is that because we are only displaying text for items, we have full formatting control over how that looks using the text formatting functions. Here we are using slightly different colours for each item.
Tabs are awesome
The tab control object is just one of those cool objects that just keeps giving. We really love these breadcrumb menus and feel they have a really useful place in solutions. They can also be now made to look really professional and behave just like a breadcrumb menu should as well as being very easy to customise and format.
Example file again!
As with all of our articles we produce we like to provide a detailed example file to go along with it. It’s not enough to just read how something is done, you should be able to see it in action and explore how it works yourself. Please find attached the example file below.
Credits
We'd like to thank Greig Jackson here at Digital Fusion for coming up with this method — nice work!
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Another thing to notice is that in my personal experience and in my evaluation of the literature, I observed there is a lot of individual variation when it comes to the best exercises for the chest. For instance, anatomical variations like how far down your pecs insert on your humerus can determine if things like bench press are an excellent possibility for you or not. So though outcomes from studies will apply to most people, they don’t account for every individual. You want to lean your higher physique slightly over the bar and bring your legs ahead under the bar as you descend to remain balanced. And then utilizing your decrease chest and triceps, push back up and attempt to keep your elbows from flaring out an extreme amount of. And ensure the bar doesn’t drag against your physique all through the movement.
This mass gainer additionally boasts high-quality carbohydrates whereas additionally being wealthy in BCAAs, creatine, and glutamine. Hyper Acquire Mass is a high-calorie mass gainer with over 1345 energy per serving developed to optimise muscle progress and increase muscle protein synthesis. Consuming enough calories and protein helps with muscle restoration and development after a exercise.
The muscle mass workout routine that is introduced in this article will show you exactly how to practice to grow muscle quick. If you’re after the fastest, most scientifically proven way to get massive, then you should observe this info to the letter. Gaining high quality weight will require quality vitamins, including high portions of protein, unsaturated fat, and unrefined carbohydrate sources. We have seen cheat meals aid a "hard gainer," but it is still necessary to eat food sources that enhance protein synthesis and prohibit fat storage (via less regular spikes in insulin). For instance, hypertrophy may be better if you’re looking to increase muscle dimension, while strength coaching may be higher if you wish to get stronger.
Your post-workout meal could presumably be a classic protein shake, some chicken and rice like your favourite pro bodybuilder, or Greek yogurt with a sliced banana. The staff (your muscles) are able to build however want bricks and mortar (calories and vitamins like protein) to assemble your muscle mansion. A caloric surplus means you deliver truckloads of constructing supplies, and the construction never grinds to a halt because of a scarcity. It’s like having a group of tiny construction employees in your muscles, fixing the harm and including to your muscle fibers. If you don’t nudge them off the sofa (or the coaching bench, on this case), they are gradual to get moving. Progressive overload is that nudge, forcing your muscle tissue to get with this system and begin growing. You can’t carry the same 10-pound dumbbell eternally and expect to keep adding a lot muscle and energy.
Nonetheless, hypertrophy training also helps bodybuilders acquire strength. As such, you'll find a way to concentrate on energy coaching and nonetheless achieve your weight reduction objectives. Some folks counsel hypertrophy coaching is better for weight loss since you carry out extra repetitions, which might burn extra energy. Most mass gainers additionally add in some flavoring, plus nutritional vitamins and minerals as properly.
Establishing these huge core competencies will permit you to prepare tougher and more often- which might help extra muscle development in the lengthy run. In addition, with the flexibility to train with a full vary of motion (ROM) engages more muscle tissue and may assist higher hypertrophy training (23,24). For some, especially women and seasoned lifters, the rate of muscle achieve could also be a lot slower (17). In actuality, there might be solely a lot food your body can process and switch into muscle, and gaining multiple pounds of muscle per week is not realistic for most, especially long run. Not to mention the faster you are trying to achieve, the more likely you'll see gains from water retention and increases in body fat, not simply muscle. Constructing muscle usually requires complete physique weight gain, however not always - it is attainable to achieve muscle in a calorie deficit.
Muscle tissue burns more calories at relaxation than fat tissue burns. So by constructing and retaining more lean muscle mass, you will burn extra calories every day, even when at relaxation. Many folks confuse mass gainers with more general protein powder supplements which may be particularly geared towards gaining muscle, while maintaining physique fat gains to a minimum. Building muscle requires power availability and creating an power surplus. Mass gainers provide the extra gasoline needed for intense exercises. A balanced strategy of cardio and resistance training is important when utilizing mass gainers. This mixture aids in muscle gain whereas maintaining fat accumulation in examine.
We advocate starting with a 300-calorie surplus and then monitoring and assessing it after a couple of weeks. You’ll be training chest heavy in the beginning, however beginning with incline bench press. Many lack upper chest development, so this could be a good method to focus on that. And you’ll be doing more reps from drop sets for your biceps to get that superior higher physique pump. A 2020 pilot study examined participants who combined resistance coaching with whey protein isolate. The outcomes present that protein supplementation with coaching resulted in larger muscle tissue.
However, gender variations in hormones, size, and body composition do exist - males are usually larger and naturally comprise extra lean mass, and women have higher quantities of estrogen and decrease testosterone. These variations might have an effect on what level of hypertrophy one can naturally acquire and the way shortly. Casein, one other dairy-based protein, is gaining a lot of popularity within the fitness business due to its supposed capacity to promote muscle growth and better recovery. Casein, unlike whey, is a long-acting protein, that means it is absorbed extra slowly over time. Primarily Based on cumulative analysis and professional recommendations, as high as 1 to 1.5 grams of protein per pound may be needed when looking to add lean mass utilizing a calorie surplus. Growing muscle measurement can typically result in elevated strength - primarily because you have extra muscle fibers to interact in lifting heavier weights.
Although, certain well being situations can also be a cause however on this case, we recommend following the steering of a medical skilled rather than trying to self-treat. Now the final step has to do with monitoring and adjusting your plan accordingly. But what’s much more essential than the workouts themselves is the next step. If you endure from a continual medical condition seek the guidance of your healthcare practitioner before utilizing this product. Discontinue use of this product a minimum of 2 weeks prior to any scheduled surgical procedures. Always inform your healthcare practitioner when you are utilizing other medicine.
On high of that, it uses strictly pure flavoring brokers, like cocoa and monk fruit, for style. Thanks to this clean supplement design, it’s our all-around favourite. The protein blend could possibly be somewhat higher-quality–currently it’s a bend of whey protein concentrate, milk protein isolate,and whey protein isolate, and the sugar content is pretty high at 24 grams. It doesn’t have too many other perks or advantages, so it lends itself very a lot in the course of the pack. If you wish to shift your macronutrient consumption strongly in course of protein, MHP’s Up Your Mass does it greatest. Even although each serving solely has about 800 calories, each has sixty two grams of protein. The sugar content, 20 grams per serving, is somewhat excessive, however at least there are 4 grams of dietary fiber to sluggish the sugar-rush a bit.
Thus, indicating that a strong bench does equate to a big chest in plenty of cases. Incline dumbbell presses put more emphasis on the clavicular head of the pecs and work a quantity of other secondary muscles as well. That's because of the added shoulder flexion of this motion. The primary cause for beginning with this exercise is to prioritize the upper chest. This is commonly the lagging portion of the chest in most people. Nonetheless, I’ll further talk about train order afterward in this article. There are two kinds of muscular hypertrophy, generally identified as myofibrillar hypertrophy and sarcoplasmic hypertrophy.
Go Away a glass of casein protein or mass gainer within the fridge and consume it if getting up in the course of the night time for the bathroom. This is a simple method to improve energy and is suitable for people who cannot devour sufficient food in simply two meals and thus have to reap the advantages of each alternative to cram in additional calories. Focusing on lifting heavier weights, lower reps, and executing fewer units with full rests is more probably to improve power. By contrast, hypertrophy training involves reasonable weight, larger reps, and extra units with limited rest in between. For example, if it’s tough to finish 10 reps of squats along with your body weight, don’t add additional weight but. As An Alternative, focus on finishing your reps and sets at your base degree and then increase your depth as soon as you can comfortably finish your routine. Nevertheless, research suggests that resistance training – whatever the particular focus – is beneficial for weight reduction.
Your workouts should be like your favorite show – you can’t wait to see the next episode. It replenishes your power shops, so you’re able to hit the bottom lifting. Most people can take care of one evening of poor sleep and nonetheless carry out decently in the health club, but consistent sleep deprivation will tank your efficiency.
Whereas many people are specialists at gaining weight by chance, what about intentional and healthy weight gain? At first, it'd sound simple, however selling muscle growth could be tricky for a lot of people. It requires an optimal stability of food plan, training, rest, and consideration of a quantity of particular person components. You’ll get most of your carbohydrates early in the day (up to nearly 100g at breakfast), whereas your later meals are principally protein. This offers your body the amino acids it requires and negates the carbs it doesn’t essentially need right now of day. Since insulin sensitivity tends to be lower later in the day, avoiding carbs helps prevent fats gain.
Pasta, especially the white variety, is calorie dense and excessive in carbohydrates which can help gas you thru your workouts. Pair with a protein supply similar to hen or salmon for a simple evening meal. Rice is a staple in plenty of a meal prep field and for good cause.
Think About including MyProtein mass gainer in your food regimen for a small increase should you find it difficult to achieve weight or if you practise veganism/have a dietary restriction. Plus, since it's plant-based, those that are vulnerable to zits will find this suitable for them as nicely. You’ll find this mass gainer contributes to your mass-gaining journey. Since the serving measurement is humongous, some individuals who use this have taken to proportioning the servings to swimsuit their food regimen, particularly if they're getting sufficient vitamins from their food consumption. This program is designed to build muscle and strength, so ideally, you may be in a caloric surplus.
Maltodextrin has a reasonably high glycemic index, which means that the glucose that it incorporates it is absorbed into your bloodstream quite rapidly. Soon after a exercise (within about 30 minutes of finishing), you should take a hefty dose of mass gainer to ramp up your recovery and maximize your muscle gain. Maltodextrin, the principle source of carbs in plenty of mass gainers, has a reasonably high glycemic index. To make things much more troublesome, other simple carbohydrates, like fructose, have a low glycemic index, however only as a end result of the sugar is going straight to your liver as an alternative of your blood. The different camp consistent of the more minimalist method to mass gainers. These merchandise contain protein, carbs, a little bit of flavoring, and not much else. Creatine and protein supplements are likely the most effective decisions for muscle achieve, however other supplements may be helpful for certain individuals.
Throughout a workout, the initial couple units you do for a muscle give essentially the most positive aspects. However as you do more and more units, you get much less development relative to the additional effort you’re placing in. In addition, a food regimen excessive in protein might help to facilitate fats loss while supporting muscle development.
To acquire muscle, your body wants more energy than it burns. Here’s a straightforward program, designed across the main compound lifts and augmented with an array of free-weight, cable, and machine strikes to maximize muscle stimulation and development. You’ll lift four days per week and take three days off—arrange those round what works greatest for your schedule. For weighted workouts, choose a resistance that elicits failure at or across the listed rep vary.
By studying to focus your intensity throughout each movement, analysis suggests you presumably can increase muscle activity and assist extra muscle growth (25). Fret not, for MH have the answer to your dull mass gain section meal plans with the 15 greatest meals to achieve weight. Now, lifting weights isn’t wasted should you don’t eat extra protein than the common particular person, however if you want to build muscle quick, upping your protein intake provides vital and proven benefits.
What this means is that you just need the right train choice, rep schemes, and volume. And the truth is that most skinny guys who battle to put on size simply don’t have these variables down. As A Substitute, they use sub-optimal approaches in relation to their training. These are examples of the types of meal plans you should follow when you want to construct muscle without gaining fats. With 80g of protein per serving, the recommended amount is 5 scoops added with about 16oz of water or skim milk. A serving additionally contains 10g of creatine, 17g of BCAAs for restoration, and a thousand calories. This is the calculation when combined with 2 cups of skim milk.
Researchers observe creatine supplementation can improve strength, exercise efficiency, and muscle measurement in females. Creatine impacts muscle cells and exercise efficiency, promoting muscle acquire. In fact, a considerable amount of analysis reveals creatine improves muscle power. Taking it as a dietary complement can improve muscle creatine content material by as a lot as 40% past its normal levels.
Timing mass gainer consumption is essential for maximizing muscle development and making certain sufficient nutrient intake. Timing your mass gainer intake, whether or not to fuel your morning, recover from a workout, or nourish overnight, can significantly impression your results. Whether you’re a severe athlete or somebody seeking to gain weight and muscle, mass gainers provide a convenient and efficient resolution.
For the skilled athlete who has mastered previous cycles and calls for the absolute pinnacle of performance enhancement, Monster Plexx stands alone as the ultimate anabolic catalyst. Balancing your protein, carbs, and fats may even assist keep your metabolism up in response to your intense training. If you have been to eat this amount of daily food and never workout hard, you would definitely run the risk of gaining fat from the general calorie intake. When designing a high-protein meal plan for muscle progress, contemplate your dietary preferences and restrictions. For example, someone following a plant-based food regimen might want to rigorously plan their meals to make sure they're hitting their daily protein goals. Protein powders, like whey protein and pea protein, are among the hottest muscle-building supplements. You can add these protein-rich powders to smoothies and protein shakes and enjoy them before or after a exercise to maximise muscle growth and recovery.
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