Better Breadcrumbs
By Daniel Wood, 4 October 2018
Introduction
Breadcrumb menus are great. They tell the user a lot about where they are within a solutions hierarchy. They also provide a really quick and easy way to navigate up/down that hierarchy if needed. In the FileMaker world, people have been making breadcrumb menus in various forms for a while, the most common implementation is that of a repeating fields, button bars, or in the case of vertical menus, a portal.
And while all of these methods are workable, they tend to have limitations when it comes to 2 aspects - the visual quality of the menu, and the ability to customise and extend the menu. So what do we mean by these? We’ll start off by giving an example of a breadcrumb menu built using a button bar, discuss some of its limitations, and then present our alternative implementation using a tab control object.
Example file time!
Rather than wait til the end to check out the demo, we strongly recommend you download and explore the example file as you read. This will help you follow along with the content of the article and help you to understand what we are talking about.
A typical breadcrumb menu
Here is an example of a standard breadcrumb menu. This is a location based menu, as the items in the menu are locations within the solution the user can navigate to.
The user currently resides at the right-most location in the menu, and as you scan to the left you can work your way back up the navigation hierarchy all the way to home screen. These navigation elements are clickable, so the user is free to traverse back up the hierarchy to any point they wish.
Building this in FileMaker
Many peoples first instinct would be to use a button bar to design and build a breadcrumb menu. It has a number of properties that suit a breadcrumb menu:
- Multiple segments, each could be a step in the hierarchy
- Clickable, as each segment is essentially a button
- You can calculate the text to appear in each segment.
But here’s the problem. Button bars are of a fixed width, and the segments within the button bar are all proportional in width to the overall width of the bar itself. So if you have a 100pt wide button bar, with 10 segments, then each segment will be 10 pts wide. If you extend the width of the bar to 200pts, then each segment grows to 20pts in width. You have no control over the width of each individual segment.
So what does this mean for us in real terms?
Here is a crack at building a breadcrumb menu with a button bar. The issue we have is that each segment has a variable amount of text, yet we can only have a single width per segment. Add to this the fact that typical breadcrumb menus have a divider between each element, and you end up with a pretty average looking menu.
This is what it looks like in layout mode, to further illustrate whats going on.
Now, we have seen people come up with attempts to work around this fixed width segment issue. Some involve creating button bar segments based on calculations, where the text inside each segment is padded with spaces to make it a certain width, while others involve starting off with hundreds of small segments, and programmatically removing certain segments and padding others. The simple fact is these are all complex and a real pain to work with, and you still do not achieve a really beautiful result.
What about a tab control?
What’s that, I hear you ask? A tab control? Surely a tab is the last object you’d think of to build a breadcrumb menu right? Well maybe, but the fact is tab controls are the perfect layout object for building them (short of an actual breadcrumb menu layout object!).
The reason why tab controls are so great for this, is the simple fact that the width of each tab control name is variable in width. This means it doesn’t matter how much or how little text goes into each tab name, they won’t all end up the same width.
This is a tab control, designed to look like a breadcrumb menu. Looks pretty nice doesn’t it. Notice how all of the spacing between the dividers and the items are all consistent. So how is this done?
Here is the same tab control object highlighted in layout mode. The height of the overall object has been reduced such that there is actually no content space, it’s just the height of the tab names themselves. We aren’t going to be using this object for placing other objects in, we are only concerned with the names.
Let’s look at the tab control setup next.
Interesting! What we can see here is that the odd positions in the tab control are given the names of the items in the menu. Whilst the even positions are used for dividers. This is a key concept in our technique for building the menu - odd spaces are for items, even spaces are for separators.
The above setup is kind of useless in an actual solution because it is so hard-coded. Ideally you want the menu to be dynamic, and have elements add/remove as you traverse up/down the navigation hierarchy of your solution, but at this point we’re simply showing you the building blocks for how we structure the object.
We use the “Label width + Margin of” option for tab width, this allows tabs to grow as more text is added, whilst maintaining an even spacing between items and dividers. We are using an ascii character of a right arrow for the divider.
Formatting items
You’ll note that the first three items in the menu are underlined. This is to give visual indication to the user that these are clickable. The right-most element is not underlined, suggesting that is the screen they are current on, and there is no need for them to click that link.
Visual design is achieved through conditional formatting of each individual tab control. In this very basic example, the condition for the first 3 items is simply “true” and we format them to underlined. Again in reality we want to be a bit more dynamic in our conditional formatting, which we’ll cover later.
For a navigation breadcrumb, you may actually wish to simply go with a hard-coded menu such as the one above, and just adjust its display for each layout it appears on, and indeed this may be the easiest implementation. Other implementations may require a more soft-coded dynamic approach.
A simple example
In the example file we start off with a simple wizard example. Here we use a breadcrumb menu to indicate position in a step by step wizard.
This wizard has 5 steps, and the user will work their way through the wizard, and continue to the next section by clicking a button. The menu itself is not clickable, it exists purely as a visual aid to inform the user of their progress in the wizard.
We use the tab control for display of the menu, and we are using a slide-control beneath it for the wizard itself. So, the slide control has 5 panels and each panel is named Wizard_1 through Wizard_5.
The tab control setup is as follows:
Pretty simple stuff. Again odd positions for items, even positions are separators. Because the size of this wizard is known, we only need to add however many tabs are required for each step.
Navigation through the wizard is done by running a script. The script takes as a parameter a direction, be it forward or back. Depending on which direction, it updates the value of a global variable $$WIZARD_POSITION. We use this global variable to help us know which step of the wizard we are on. The script then simply navigates to the next or previous slide panel.
The breadcrumb menu now has to update visually to reflect the users position also. We know the position of the user based on the number in the global variable which will be between 1 and 5. The visual updating is done via conditional formatting, so let's take a look at that:
This is really easy. What we are looking at is the conditional formatting rule for the second position “Your Details”. We’re saying that if the user is at this position, or has gone past this position already, that it should be coloured.
Here the user is on step 4 “Interests”, and so the conditional formatting of items 1 through 4 are evaluated to true, and are coloured bold and green.
For the dividers, they are irrelevant in our example, so we can either always evaluate their conditional formatting to true (and assign them some property, in this case grey colour), or you can leave them without conditional formatting, in which case they will inherit the default formatting of the tab control object.
In this example, you’ll note that the text is black, and the dividers are grey, so we have a difference in formatting of the 2 types of tabs. In the interests of simplicity, we make the default tab text colour black, and we have applied conditional formatting to all dividers, to change them to grey.
Adding action to navigation items
More often than not, you want the user to be allowed to click an item in the navigation menu and run a script accordingly. We can achieve this in tab controls by using the OnPanelSwitch object trigger.
Here is the same wizard, although this time all sections can be navigated to at any point in time.
We start by altering the formatting so that all objects are underlined to begin with, indicating that they can be clicked. The other conditional formatting properties are the same as in the previous example, if the user is on a position, or that position is to the left of where the user currently is, we make it bold and green.
If we apply an OnPanelSwitch trigger to the tab control object, then our script will run regardless of which tab is chosen. An important piece of information we will use in the script is the position of the tab the user has clicked. This can be found by evaluating the first value in the function Get ( TriggerTargetPanel ).
There are 2 possible situations here. Firstly, the user may have clicked a divider. Our script will still run in this instance, so we must handle this situation. Recall all even positions are dividers, so we can check whether the clicked position is even. If it is then we return a FALSE result from the script, and the divider tab is not navigated to.
The only other scenario is the user has clicked on an actual item that they can navigate to. This will be an odd number. We must translate this number into the actual wizard position. We need to do this because of the dividers, they offset the clicked item.
To illustrate this consider clicking on “Immediate Family”. You know that this is the third position in the wizard, but it is actually the 5th position in the tab control. So we need to write a translation between the position chosen and the wizard position. It’s pretty straightforward and simply Ceiling ( $PositionClicked / 2 ). In our example, this would be 5/2 = 2.5, and taking the ceiling of this gives us a wizard position of 3.
Now that we know the wizard position, it’s just a case of setting our location to that value, and going to that sliding panel object, all done !
You can indeed write your own script to cater for any positional click in your menu, regardless of what you are using your menu for.
Abstracting item names into a table
Often times your wizard or menu items will exist in a table as records because you need to customise them, or build different menus for different purposes. In this example we’re going to show that you can still use the breadcrumb menu in this fashion.
Here is a table of records, each for a different section in the breadcrumb menu, and below is the breadcrumb menu. The 2 important bits of information in the table are the name of the item, and its position in the menu.
The beauty of using a tab control really stands out when using an abstracted menu like this. The menu will simply expand to accommodate variable lengths of text. In order for things to work smoothly there are just two things you need to be aware of:
- Make the initial width of the tab object wide enough to cater for a worst case scenario length of menu.
- Add enough tab control objects so that you are sure you have enough menu positions to cater for all the items that may end up in the menu.
Here is the tab control setup of this abstracted menu. Wow things are really getting interesting now! What you see there is a custom function which we have named @BREADCRUMB. It takes 2 parameters. The first is a keyword identifying which records in our wizard setup table to retrieve, and the second is the order number to retrieve. The 5 items in our table are all of type “Abstracted”, and are all numbered 1 through 5.
Here’s the custom function. It’s a simple executeSQL query where we retrieve names of items based on their type and order number, again nothing magical here just standard FileMaker.
The rest of the implementation is no different to our other examples. Conditional formatting for the items, and a script trigger for navigation.
Abstracting the formatting as well as the names
In this last example we show how you can tailor the formatting of individual items in the menu as well as their names. Now you could achieve this with conditional formatting again, but if you want a specific item to have a specific formatting you may wish to abstract this into a table of records to be based on actual items, rather than position in the menu.
This is a very similar example to the one above, with a slight exception that we have an additional field in our table containing an RGB function for the colour we want our item to be.
Here is the tab control setup for this example:
We have added in 9 different tabs here. In fact we add more than required in case more are needed. Because the items are abstracted to a menu, but adding more tabs, we ensure we don’t have to come back and potentially add more in future.
The other interesting thing to notice here is that we no longer are adding dividers into the even positions. It’s all just calls to a custom function called @BREADCRUMB_Formatted. This function is identical in behaviour to the earlier one, but this function does a couple more things
- If the order number passed through is even, it returns the divider character
- If the order number passed through is odd, it obtains the name of that item from corresponding record.
- It also obtains the formatting properties from the record, and applies them to the name, using the Evaluate function.
- It also determines using the wizard position $$WIZARD_POSITION whether to format the item, or whether to not format
So in this case, we are not using conditional formatting to determine whether to format an item or not, it is entirely done within the custom function. The formatting properties we use comes from the record itself.
The end result of this is that because we are only displaying text for items, we have full formatting control over how that looks using the text formatting functions. Here we are using slightly different colours for each item.
Tabs are awesome
The tab control object is just one of those cool objects that just keeps giving. We really love these breadcrumb menus and feel they have a really useful place in solutions. They can also be now made to look really professional and behave just like a breadcrumb menu should as well as being very easy to customise and format.
Example file again!
As with all of our articles we produce we like to provide a detailed example file to go along with it. It’s not enough to just read how something is done, you should be able to see it in action and explore how it works yourself. Please find attached the example file below.
Credits
We'd like to thank Greig Jackson here at Digital Fusion for coming up with this method — nice work!
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"[Your legs] undergo by comparison [to your upper body] and it's of probably the most urgent necessity that you just fully alter your leg-training program," Weider told young Arnold. "I somewhat imagine, too, that others may have noticed this odd effect and are puzzled by it." Arnold agreed. The results of this rethinking was the type of workout you see here—not to say the well-proportioned legs that helped him win seven Mr. Olympia titles. His "primitive" methods have been most blatant within the lifting "retreats" he and his buddies would go on within the Austrian countryside.
Relying on your coaching goals, resting shorter or longer could be helpful. When you perform extra sets than you possibly can get well from, you get diminishing returns and would possibly find yourself unable to get well out of your training. You’ll have to put within the exhausting work in the weight room your self, although. This article explains the push pull legs coaching methodology, details the numerous advantages, and outlines the Push Pull Legs Intermediate and Push Pull Legs Superior coaching applications. Energetic restoration days are kinda-sorta relaxation days, when you are able to do workouts which might be much less intense than your workout days, and likewise shorter in period. Exercises will vary in length from one to two hours depending on the day’s workout (leg days will doubtless take longer due to intensity and volume), and the length of your rest occasions.
If you need to lose fats or simply hold lean, cardio is a should. Calories burned when weightlifting, particularly with a bodybuilding or powerlifting break up, merely can’t compare to traditional cardio. So, if cardio is important to you, we recommend that you just do minutes of cardio 3-4 days every week, though even 2 days is okay. It lets you clearly see and work in the path of your progressive overload targets. If you do that properly, you'll construct muscle and energy without fail. Generally speaking, you should put the massive compound lifts initially of your workout when your power ranges are highest.
As A Substitute, you’ll start with some extremely controlled reps doing seated dumbbell press. If you follow a program with the best calories and strength coaching, you possibly can both shed weight AND construct muscle on the identical time. Workout Routines like squats, deadlifts, and bench presses should be staples in your routine.
I do suggest that you do some kind of cardio 3-4 times per week. Of course, how much, what type, and how lengthy each period is decided by the place you would possibly be presently, and what your objectives are. Trainer Cory Gregory, a 45-year-old father of three, designed this plan to rework your physique. Protein powders are often used to supplement giant quantities of protein between meals.
You’ll get there faster should you practice doing the actions the right way. This program may go nicely for some folks but may not for others as a end result of everyone’s physique responds in another way. There are a quantity of different variations of the deadlift train. It won't be one of the best indicator of total energy, however when somebody wants to know the way robust you're, chances are they ask how a lot you bench.
In this skilled evaluation, we analyze, critique, and expand on Dr. Pak’s recommendations on the RP podcast for structuring your training cut up. Our group contains an exercise scientist with 20+ years in the fitness center who ensures every insight is backed by expertise and real-world results. Never overlook that your muscle has no idea how much weight is on the bar. So if you’re curling 80 kilos, yet you’re using momentum, your thighs and your back to get the burden up, your target muscle isn’t going to be impressed. That 18 rep set will make your quads really feel hotter than hell.
Carry a heavy weight for the prescribed reps, rest two minutes and do it once more. One of the best exercise applications for bodybuilding and gaining mass is the Push-Pull-Legs routine. In reality, I’m going to offer you 2 completely different bodybuilding ‘pull’ routines you could start this week….
But extra importantly, it’s going to assist preserve good health and lessen the danger of many problems that plague older folks. The fact is any exercise can cause damage if you do it wrong and you’re not targeted. For instance, if you want to do this final exercise on Friday to be able to have the weekend off, that’s fine. This goes that will help you get in the proper mindset to the place you’ll be ready to go in there and kill your exercise.
A good rule of thumb is to perform 3 sets of 3–5 compound actions, followed by 3 sets of 1–2 isolation actions per workout. You should hardly ever have greater than "two reps in the tank" by the end of a set if your goal is building muscle. Constructing muscle requires your physique to deposit extra protein molecules into your muscle tissue than it removes. Resistance coaching with weights and ensuring proper nutrition are the first means for undertaking this objective. Added muscle mass will improve the definition of your muscular tissues, enhance your lean physique mass, and add bulk and size to your body in all the best places. In principle, you must get enough stomach stimulation with your weight training workouts. However you can even throw in a number of sets of crunches at the end of your exercise or at home.
You do not need heavy weights and crowded gyms to get a full-body, fat-shredding exercise. For instance, if one of many workouts asks you to work inside a rep range of reps, you should not be capable of do greater than 25. If you'll have the ability to, the weight is simply too mild and your complete volume will be lower than what it should be. It pushes each muscle to the limit and uses cutting-edge scientific approaches to muscle features. It’s a no-hold-barred, intense introduction to muscle growth – even for a newbie.
Do anticipate more soreness from this program than you may have skilled before and be prepared to adjust and adapt your individual schedule primarily based on this. Here's a pattern FST-7 program that you can use that applies the precept to all muscle teams. If you need to get good outcomes with this program, eating the next calorie food regimen will be a must to support the volume. If you realize getting into you're somebody who tends to have difficulty recovering, then you may wish to attempt a three X 5 set-up first and see how you do. It could be simple to overtrain on this program when you're not cautious. Note that the numbers above typically applies to sets taken to failure. If you do easier sets where you cease further from failure, you might have the flexibility to enhance that quantity, or have to increase it to reach the same effect.
Restrict your relaxation time and aim to maintain depth as a lot as potential throughout the session. Lose weight and construct abs on the same time with this back-friendly program. The weights you’re utilizing should be light enough in your thoughts to concentrate on controlling the load—not worrying about getting crushed. Regulate your diet if there isn’t an obvious purpose why you’re not progressing, such as lack of sleep, stress, or poor adherence to diet/training. Going low carb can optimize insulin sensitivity, meaning you metabolize carbs more successfully so you might wish to strive it on a training or non-training day. Everybody is unique and requires totally different quantities of every. Protein builds muscle and fat are very important for hormone manufacturing.
For most individuals, the purpose of diminishing returns is around 8 weeks, so to keep away from that, you should use periodization. Like any exercise routine and split, you should persist with this plan for no less than eight weeks if you'll like noticeable outcomes. The above 5-Day Workout routine is designed to targets your whole primary muscular tissues in full and from all angles. Nonetheless, the whole weekly volume is corresponding to the Commonplace Break Up.
Skinny people should observe a year-long bulking exercise plan with a managed caloric surplus and prioritize power coaching utilizing compound lifts. Purpose for 1% physique weight achieve per month and ensure a balanced consumption of protein, carbs, and fat. Consistency and persistence are key to achieving sustainable muscle progress. Let’s take a quick have a look at an important advantages of full physique coaching, and then we’ll launch into the 4 weeks of every day exercises with a relaxation day every other day. In other words, this will be a 3-day full-body weekly workout routine, or a 3-day exercise split organized right into a 4-week workout plan. Start by assessing your one-rep max (1RM) for key compound lifts such because the squat, deadlift, and bench press. Evaluating these numbers to your beginning 1RM highlights the power positive aspects made throughout the year.
We want you to give consideration to progressive overload on this program. If we ask you to choose a weight for six reps, it means that you shouldn’t be ready to do any more than that. The process of development should happen just like the above example, with the only distinction being that you’d be going for a special set and rep vary aim for various workout routines. If you're unable to succeed in the set and rep range with a given weight, then your aim is to simply get further reps in every of your units till you attain that prescribed set and rep objective.
One widespread mistake is not adjusting the break up based on private restoration wants. Everyone’s restoration capacity differs, and sticking rigidly to a predetermined schedule can hinder progress. You would possibly start robust however discover that your power wanes as the session progresses. By the tip of your exercise, you could be going by way of the motions quite than pushing yourself effectively. The Bro Cut Up is among the most well-known coaching splits.
Every day begins with either a squat, entrance squat or deadlift. Comply With a progressive overload strategy and eat sufficient calories, and you'll get bigger. So each time you pick up a slightly heavier weight, you are growing the problem and forcing your muscular tissues to adapt and get extra resilient. When you energy train, your muscle tissue are damaged down after which get rebuilt stronger to adapt to the stress you have applied to it.
Some individuals naturally progress higher with a PPL split, while others might favor a simple push/pull or upper/lower break up. This type of workout will enable your physique to get well and you could discover that you’re stronger once you start again on your normal routine. Deloading is performing the same workout but slicing it in half with reference to volume and intensity. It means you’re just displaying up and going via the motions.
Traditional methods usually recommend large calorie intakes. This approach can result in vital weight and fat acquire. As A Substitute, a well-planned year-long bulk goals to optimize muscle gain whereas minimizing fats accumulation. Not only will I show you the exercises, I’ll explain why I selected every single exercise for this full-body fitness center workout routine. Setting Up one best whole physique workout program is a problem when you consider all of the bigger muscle groups that you want to hit in that exercise. Subsequently, we recommend that you simply pick one or two exercises per deltoid head (front, side, and rear) to work your shoulder muscular tissues thoroughly, as we do in our shoulder exercise routine.
A 3-day full physique workout schedule works greatest as a outcome of it allows for enough relaxation time between workouts. Exercise B will have the identical structure as Exercise A but will make the most of completely different effective compound workouts for a few of the motion patterns, for a whole whole body exercise routine. Now we transfer on to one of the foundational motion patterns for push, and an excellent chest muscles exercise for hypertrophy, which is the Barbell Bench Press performed on a flat bench. This is maybe the most common chest motion, however once again it’s essential to use proper type on this raise to avoid the danger of harm. I’ll provide you with not one, but TWO muscle constructing full physique exercises and put them together in a whole one-month full physique workout routine. four day advanced full physique workout routine for mass is designed in such a way that you will practice every muscle group twice every week.
If we may all add 10lbs to each train every exercise, we’d all be lifting thousands of pounds by now. This is good and means progressive overload has occurred. Nonetheless, in this example you didn't get all 3 sets in the 6-8 rep vary. In this three day model, every muscle group gets educated as soon as every 4th or 5th day. While it's just slightly less frequent than the 4 day model, it’s nonetheless perfectly inside the perfect frequency vary for building muscle mass on the optimum price. The fact is that actual bodybuilding exercises haven't changed that a lot over the a long time.
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